Biblioteca gratuita de Blueprint sobre las leyes que afectan a la protección de los alertadores

Esta biblioteca sobre legislación ofrece muchas de las leyes que afectan a los alertadores para buscar protección legal en diferentes países y cómo hacerlo. Algunos países tienen leyes independientes de la protección de los alertadores, otros pueden ofrecer algunas protecciones a través de otras ramas de la legislación como la laboral.

Selecciona un país para ver las leyes que afectan a la protección de los alertadores.

 

EUROPE (EUROPEAN UNION)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

EUROPE (COUNTRY SPECIFIC)

 

+ Austria

§ 99 BWG

  • Regulates disclosures within the banking sector, in line with relevant EU Directives
  • Requires financial institutes to set up internal whistleblowing systems
  • Requires employees to report irregularities

Richter- und Staatsanwaltschaftsdienstgesetz / Law for members of the judiciary

Beamtendienstrechtsgesetz / Civil Servants Law & Richter

 

+ Cyprus

Criminal Law criminalizes non-reporting of wrongdoing

Public Service Law

  • Requires employees to report wrongdoing
  • Criminalizes retaliation

Termination of Employment Law

  • Potentially shields employees from reporting felonies
  • Employees have to make sure to comply with company regulations
 

+ Finland

Employments Contract Act

  • Protects against unfair dismissal
  • Similar provisions to be found in the Loal Officials Act (not available online)

Non-Discrimination Act

  • Prohibits discrimination and harassment
 
 
 
 
 

+ Czechia

Labour Code

  • Includes regulation on unfair dismissal for all employees

Administrative Procedure Code

  • allows employees to submit reports confidentially and anonymously;
  • lacks protective measures
 

+ France

Loi Sapin II (2016)

  • Since the law has been introduced quite recently, it is currently taking effect. There are no known reforms or amendments in planning.
 
 
 

+ Bulgaria

Criminal Procedures Code:

  • Requires citizens to report criminal acts
  • Doesn’t regulate protection for reporting persons

Administrative Procedure Code:

  • Contains provisions for public sector employees to report abuse of power, corruption, mismanagement of public property, and other illegal or inappropriate acts that affect state or public interests
  • Doesn’t explicitly regulate protection for reporting persons

Conflict of Interest Prevention and Ascertainment Act

  • Regulates the disclosure of information about conflicts of interests
  • Doesn’t explicitly regulate protection for reporting persons
 

+ Denmark

Public Administration Act

  • Includes a clause obliging to maintain secrecy

Criminal Code:

  • Allows employees to report misconduct
  • Doesn’t include protective measures

Employers' and Salaried Employees' Act

  • Includes framework for compensation in cases of arbitrary dismissal
 
 
 

+ Poland

Kodeks postępowania karnego /Criminal Procedure Code

  • defines it as a civic duty to report offenses à lex imperfect
  • indirectly defines whistleblowing as moral duty
  • but: no protective measures foreseen

Labour Code

  • provides protection against unfair dismissal à workers eligible to compensation
  • from Article 101 § 2.4 it can be derived that the failure to report illegal activities within a work environment constitutes the failure to comply with contractual duties

Criminal Code

  • includes general penalties for unfair dismissal, discrimination and harassment
 
 

+ Estonia

Anti-Corruption Act

  • bans public officials from concealing corrupt acts
  • grants them confidentiality and retaliation protection
  • can be applied outside of public sector

Penal Code

  • false complaints are punishable

Witness Protection Act protects witnesses before, during and after court proceedings

 

+ Greece

Law 4254/2014

  • In 2014, legislation was introduced to protect Civil Servants
  • Private Sector employees have to derive protection from labour law
  • Very limited, uncomprehensive legislation
 

+ Luxembourg

Loi du 13 février 2011 renforçant les moyens de lutte contre la corruption (“Law on Strengthening the Means to Fight Corruption”)

Introduced as modifications to

  • Labour Code
  • Public Service Law
  • Communal Service Law
  • Criminal procedures code
  • Criminal Code

Law mainly aimed at combating corruption; includes provisions how to deal with disclosures of illegal acts

 

+ Portugal

Labour Law:

  • Protects against unfair dismissal
  • Employees cannot be retaliated against if reporting crimes but no mechanism to ensure

Law 19/2008 (amended by Law 30/2015) (no link available)

  • Ensure compliance with EU & GRECO recommendations in the fight against corruption
  • Theoretically criminalizes retaliation against employees reporting corruption• Extended to private sector by 2015 amendment
  • No mechanism to ensure implementation• Requires companies to have some kind of mechanism in place
  • Oversight: Public Prosecutor’s Office• Criminal sanctions for retaliation against or disclosure of personal information of employee reporting corruption
 

+ Spain

Ley Orgánica 19/1994, de 23 de diciembre, de protección a testigos y peritos en causas criminales /Witness Protection Law

  • protects witnesses in criminal proceedings; no special clause for whistleblowers